The Certosa raises on the summit of a hill to the south of Florence. In the past it was one of the most powerful monasteries in Europe and exhibited, until Napoleon's spoliation, 500 works of art. The building was erected by Niccolò Acciaioli, a powerful Florentine citizen who commissioned it in 1341 with the aim of creating both a religious centre and a structure to educate the young ones. The monastery faces Palazzo Acciaioli, a building with battlements where the youth of Florence was instructed in human sciences. In the past, the Certosa was famous for its lavish library.

One of the most important sites of the monastery is the church of S. Lorenzo, characterised by a typically Mannerist architecture and richly decorated with frescoes, paintings, a sumptuous marble altar of the 16th century and an ancient crypt with many tombs, mainly of the Acciaioli family. The church opens on to a large Renaissance cloister, decorated with a large well and by terracottas by Andrea and Giovanni della Robbia (15th and 16th centuries). The cells of the monks, some of which are open to the public, Downlook this cloister. Each cell consists in a bedroom and a room for praying, that are furnished with very essential furniture pieces, besides having a small secluded garden. This cloister gives access to the so-called “Chiostro dei Conversi”, a small structure formed by two superimposed loggias that lead into the refectory.

The large cloister originally preserved the five lunettes painted by Pontormo between 1522 and 1525, representing episodes from Christ's Passion.
The lunettes were removed because they were badly damaged and are now exhibited together with a rich art collection of works from the 14th to the 18th century in the picture gallery of the monastery.